Stability of mental motor-imagery classification in EEG depends on the choice of classifier model and experiment design, but not on signal preprocessing

  • Introduction: Modern consciousness research has developed diagnostic tests to improve the diagnostic accuracy of different states of consciousness via electroencephalography (EEG)-based mental motor imagery (MI), which is still challenging and lacks a consensus on how to best analyse MI EEG-data. An optimally designed and analyzed paradigm must detect command-following in all healthy individuals, before it can be applied in patients, e.g., for the diagnosis of disorders of consciousness (DOC). Methods: We investigated the effects of two important steps in the raw signal preprocessing on predicting participant performance (F1) and machine-learning classifier performance (area-under-curve, AUC) in eight healthy individuals, that are based solely on MI using high-density EEG (HD-EEG): artifact correction (manual correction with vs. without Independent Component Analysis [ICA]), region of interest (ROI; motor area vs. whole brain), and machine-learning algorithm (support-vector machineIntroduction: Modern consciousness research has developed diagnostic tests to improve the diagnostic accuracy of different states of consciousness via electroencephalography (EEG)-based mental motor imagery (MI), which is still challenging and lacks a consensus on how to best analyse MI EEG-data. An optimally designed and analyzed paradigm must detect command-following in all healthy individuals, before it can be applied in patients, e.g., for the diagnosis of disorders of consciousness (DOC). Methods: We investigated the effects of two important steps in the raw signal preprocessing on predicting participant performance (F1) and machine-learning classifier performance (area-under-curve, AUC) in eight healthy individuals, that are based solely on MI using high-density EEG (HD-EEG): artifact correction (manual correction with vs. without Independent Component Analysis [ICA]), region of interest (ROI; motor area vs. whole brain), and machine-learning algorithm (support-vector machine [SVM] vs. k-nearest neighbor [KNN]). Results: Results revealed no significant effects of artifact correction and ROI on predicting participant performance (F1) and classifier performance (AUC) scores (all ps > 0.05) in the SVM classification model. In the KNN model, ROI had a significant influence on the classifier performance [F(1,8.939) = 7.585, p = 0.023]. There was no evidence for artifact correction and ROI selection changing the prediction of participants performance and classifier performance in EEG-based mental MI if using SVM-based classification (71–100% correct classifications across different signal preprocessing methods). The variance in the prediction of participant performance was significantly higher when the experiment started with a resting-state compared to a mental MI task block [X2(1) = 5.849, p = 0.016]. Discussion: Overall, we could show that classification is stable across different modes of EEG signal preprocessing when using SVM models. Exploratory analysis gave a hint toward potential effects of the sequence of task execution on the prediction of participant performance, which should be taken into account in future studies.show moreshow less

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Metadaten
Author:Martin Justinus Rosenfelder, Myra Spiliopoulou, Burkhard Hoppenstedt, Rüdiger Pryss, Patrick Fissler, Mario della Piedra Walter, Iris-Tatjana Kolassa, Andreas BenderGND
URN:urn:nbn:de:bvb:384-opus4-1138996
Frontdoor URLhttps://opus.bibliothek.uni-augsburg.de/opus4/113899
ISSN:1662-5188OPAC
Parent Title (English):Frontiers in Computational Neuroscience
Publisher:Frontiers Media SA
Place of publication:Lausanne
Type:Article
Language:English
Year of first Publication:2023
Publishing Institution:Universität Augsburg
Release Date:2024/07/08
Volume:17
First Page:1142948
DOI:https://doi.org/10.3389/fncom.2023.1142948
Institutes:Medizinische Fakultät
Medizinische Fakultät / Lehrstuhl für Neurorehabilitation
Dewey Decimal Classification:6 Technik, Medizin, angewandte Wissenschaften / 61 Medizin und Gesundheit / 610 Medizin und Gesundheit
Licence (German):CC-BY 4.0: Creative Commons: Namensnennung (mit Print on Demand)