Application and development of zero-valent iron (ZVI) for groundwater and wastewater treatment

  • Zero-valent iron has been used for more than 130 years for water treatment. It is based on redox reactions as well as on sorption to the corrosion products of iron. It is successfully applied for the removal of metals and organic pollutants from groundwater and wastewater. There are different variations how zero-valent iron can be used, especially (i) permeable reactive barriers, (ii) fluidized bed reactors and (iii) nanoscale zero-valent iron. Permeable reactive barriers are used for in situ treatment of groundwater in trench-like constructions or in a funnel and gate system. Their advantages are low maintenance cost, inexpensive construction and prevention of excavation wastes, and their disadvantages are surface passivation and clogging of pores by corrosion products. Zero-valent iron nanoparticles are injected directly in contaminated soil or groundwater. Their advantages are a higher reactivity than coarse-grained zero-valent iron and their mobility in the subsurface to reach theZero-valent iron has been used for more than 130 years for water treatment. It is based on redox reactions as well as on sorption to the corrosion products of iron. It is successfully applied for the removal of metals and organic pollutants from groundwater and wastewater. There are different variations how zero-valent iron can be used, especially (i) permeable reactive barriers, (ii) fluidized bed reactors and (iii) nanoscale zero-valent iron. Permeable reactive barriers are used for in situ treatment of groundwater in trench-like constructions or in a funnel and gate system. Their advantages are low maintenance cost, inexpensive construction and prevention of excavation wastes, and their disadvantages are surface passivation and clogging of pores by corrosion products. Zero-valent iron nanoparticles are injected directly in contaminated soil or groundwater. Their advantages are a higher reactivity than coarse-grained zero-valent iron and their mobility in the subsurface to reach the contaminated areas. However, they also have some major disadvantages like fast ageing in the system, phytotoxicity, agglomeration during migration and high costs. The latest development is a fluidized bed process (“ferrodecont process”) which avoids the passivation and clogging observed in permeable reactive barriers as well as the high costs and toxicity issues of nanoscale zero-valent iron. First results of this technology for Cr(VI) and organically contaminated groundwaters and metal removal from industrial wastewaters are highly promising.show moreshow less

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Metadaten
Author:K. Plessl, A. Russ, Daniel VollprechtORCiDGND
URN:urn:nbn:de:bvb:384-opus4-984253
Frontdoor URLhttps://opus.bibliothek.uni-augsburg.de/opus4/98425
ISSN:1735-1472OPAC
ISSN:1735-2630OPAC
Parent Title (English):International Journal of Environmental Science and Technology
Publisher:Springer Science and Business Media LLC
Type:Article
Language:English
Year of first Publication:2023
Publishing Institution:Universität Augsburg
Release Date:2022/10/05
Tag:General Agricultural and Biological Sciences; Environmental Chemistry; Environmental Engineering
Volume:20
Issue:6
First Page:6913
Last Page:6928
DOI:https://doi.org/10.1007/s13762-022-04536-7
Institutes:Mathematisch-Naturwissenschaftlich-Technische Fakultät
Mathematisch-Naturwissenschaftlich-Technische Fakultät / Institut für Materials Resource Management
Mathematisch-Naturwissenschaftlich-Technische Fakultät / Institut für Materials Resource Management / Lehrstuhl für Resource and Chemical Engineering
Dewey Decimal Classification:5 Naturwissenschaften und Mathematik / 50 Naturwissenschaften / 500 Naturwissenschaften und Mathematik
Licence (German):CC-BY 4.0: Creative Commons: Namensnennung (mit Print on Demand)