Open Access

Ricardo Kleinlein, Álvaro García-Faura, Cristina Luna Jiménez, Juan Manuel Montero, Fernando Díaz-de-María, Fernando Fernández-Martínez

• Image perception can vary considerably between subjects, yet some sights are regarded as aesthetically pleasant more often than others due to their specific visual content, this being particularly true in tourism-related applications. We introduce the ESITUR project, oriented towards the development of ’smart tourism’ solutions aimed at improving the touristic experience. The idea is to convert conventional tourist showcases into fully interactive information points accessible from any smartphone, enriched with automatically-extracted contents from the analysis of public photos uploaded to social networks by other visitors. Our baseline, knowledge-driven system reaches a classification accuracy of 64.84 ± 4.22% telling suitable images from unsuitable ones for a tourism guide application. As an alternative we adopt a data-driven Mixture of Experts (MEX) approach, in which multiple learners specialize in partitions of the problem space. In our case, a location tag is attached to everyImage perception can vary considerably between subjects, yet some sights are regarded as aesthetically pleasant more often than others due to their specific visual content, this being particularly true in tourism-related applications. We introduce the ESITUR project, oriented towards the development of ’smart tourism’ solutions aimed at improving the touristic experience. The idea is to convert conventional tourist showcases into fully interactive information points accessible from any smartphone, enriched with automatically-extracted contents from the analysis of public photos uploaded to social networks by other visitors. Our baseline, knowledge-driven system reaches a classification accuracy of 64.84 ± 4.22% telling suitable images from unsuitable ones for a tourism guide application. As an alternative we adopt a data-driven Mixture of Experts (MEX) approach, in which multiple learners specialize in partitions of the problem space. In our case, a location tag is attached to every picture providing a criterion to segment the data by, and the MEX model accordingly defined achieves an accuracy of 85.08 ± 2.23%. We conclude ours is a successful approach in environments in which some kind of data segmentation can be applied, such as touristic photographs.…