Case report: severe Mycoplasma pneumoniae-associated acute disseminated encephalomyelitis in an adult: challenges in diagnosis and management
- We report a rare case of severe Mycoplasma (M.) pneumoniae-associated acute disseminated encephalomyelitis (ADEM) in a previously healthy 26-year-old woman. The patient presented with delayed-onset encephalopathy following a mild respiratory infection. Rapid neurological deterioration, signs of transtentorial herniation, and refractory intracranial hypertension necessitated emergency decompressive hemicraniectomy. Diagnostic workup revealed elevated M. pneumoniae IgM and borderline PCR positivity. The patient was successfully treated with corticosteroids, intravenous immunoglobulin, and targeted azithromycin. Complete clinical and radiological recovery was achieved. This case emphasizes the need for awareness of severe M. pneumoniae-associated CNS manifestations and highlights the challenges in diagnosis and management.
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| Author: | Katharina Feil, Benjamin Ruf, Felix BehlingORCiDGND, Gabor Kozak, Georg Gohla, Reimer Riessen, Michael Haap, Sven Poli, Florian Hennersdorf, Ulf Ziemann, Annerose Mengel |
|---|---|
| URN: | urn:nbn:de:bvb:384-opus4-1250083 |
| Frontdoor URL | https://opus.bibliothek.uni-augsburg.de/opus4/125008 |
| ISSN: | 2296-858XOPAC |
| Parent Title (English): | Frontiers in Medicine |
| Publisher: | Frontiers Media SA |
| Type: | Article |
| Language: | English |
| Year of first Publication: | 2025 |
| Publishing Institution: | Universität Augsburg |
| Release Date: | 2025/09/10 |
| Volume: | 12 |
| First Page: | 1627241 |
| DOI: | https://doi.org/10.3389/fmed.2025.1627241 |
| Institutes: | Medizinische Fakultät |
| Medizinische Fakultät / Universitätsklinikum | |
| Medizinische Fakultät / Professur für translationale onkologische Neurochirurgie | |
| Dewey Decimal Classification: | 6 Technik, Medizin, angewandte Wissenschaften / 61 Medizin und Gesundheit / 610 Medizin und Gesundheit |
| Licence (German): |  CC-BY 4.0: Creative Commons: Namensnennung (mit Print on Demand) |
